Add LoRa sensor network support
- Design LoRa packet protocol with CRC16 validation - Add protocol header files (lora_protocol.h, lora_packet.h) - Create battery-powered remote node firmware template - Support for DHT22, BME680, DS18B20 sensors - Deep sleep for battery conservation - Automatic gateway registration - Add LoRa receive to gateway firmware - RadioLib SX1262 integration - Node registry for tracking up to 16 nodes - HTTP forwarding of received readings - ACK responses to remote nodes - Create comprehensive setup guide with wiring diagrams Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.5 <noreply@anthropic.com>
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leehughes
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Claude Opus 4.5
Claude Opus 4.5
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# ZNET LoRa Remote Sensor Node
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Battery-powered sensor nodes that transmit temperature, humidity, and air quality data to the ZNET gateway via LoRa.
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## Supported Hardware
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| Board | Chip | LoRa | Notes |
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|-------|------|------|-------|
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| Heltec WiFi LoRa 32 V3 | ESP32-S3 | SX1262 | Recommended - built-in OLED |
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| TTGO LoRa32 V2.1 | ESP32 | SX1276 | Budget option |
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| DIY ESP32 + SX1276 | ESP32 | SX1276 | Full customization |
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## Supported Sensors
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| Sensor | Data | Use Case |
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|--------|------|----------|
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| DHT22 | Temp + Humidity | Ambient monitoring |
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| BME680 | Temp + Humidity + Pressure + Gas | Air quality monitoring |
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| DS18B20 | Temperature (high precision) | Remote tank monitoring |
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## Quick Start
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### 1. Install PlatformIO
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```bash
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pip install platformio
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```
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### 2. Configure Node
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Edit `include/config.h`:
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```cpp
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// Set unique node ID or use 0xFFFF for auto-assign
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#define NODE_ID 0x0101
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// Node name (max 8 chars)
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#define NODE_NAME "Ambient1"
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// Report interval (seconds)
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#define REPORT_INTERVAL_SEC 60
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```
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### 3. Build & Upload
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```bash
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cd remote-node
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# For Heltec V3 with DHT22:
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pio run -e heltec_v3_dht22 --target upload
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# For Heltec V3 with BME680:
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pio run -e heltec_v3_bme680 --target upload
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# For TTGO board:
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pio run -e ttgo_lora32_v21 --target upload
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```
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### 4. Monitor Output
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```bash
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pio device monitor
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```
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## Wiring
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### DHT22 Sensor
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```
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ESP32 GPIO7 ─────────── DHT22 DATA
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ESP32 3.3V ──────────── DHT22 VCC
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ESP32 GND ───────────── DHT22 GND
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10kΩ pullup between DATA and VCC
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```
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### BME680 Sensor (I2C)
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```
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ESP32 SDA (21) ──────── BME680 SDA
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ESP32 SCL (22) ──────── BME680 SCL
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ESP32 3.3V ──────────── BME680 VCC
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ESP32 GND ───────────── BME680 GND
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```
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### Battery Connection
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```
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LiPo + ─────┬───────── ESP32 VBAT
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│
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┌┴┐
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│ │ 100kΩ
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└┬┘
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├───────── ADC Pin (Battery monitoring)
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┌┴┐
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│ │ 100kΩ
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└┬┘
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│
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LiPo - ─────┴───────── ESP32 GND
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```
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## Power Consumption
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| State | Current | Notes |
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|-------|---------|-------|
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| Deep Sleep | ~10 μA | ESP32 deep sleep |
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| Active (reading) | ~15 mA | Sensor reading |
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| TX | ~80 mA | LoRa transmission |
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| **Average @ 60s** | **~1 mA** | Typical |
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### Battery Life Estimates (1000mAh LiPo)
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| Interval | Battery Life |
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|----------|--------------|
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| 30 sec | ~2 weeks |
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| 60 sec | ~1 month |
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| 5 min | ~6 months |
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| 10 min | ~1 year |
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## Protocol
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See [../docs/LORA_PROTOCOL.md](../docs/LORA_PROTOCOL.md) for full LoRa packet specification.
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### Node ID Ranges
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| Range | Purpose |
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|-------|---------|
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| 0x0001-0x00FF | Tank sensors |
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| 0x0100-0x01FF | Ambient (DHT22) |
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| 0x0200-0x02FF | Environmental (BME680) |
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| 0xFFFF | Auto-assign |
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## Troubleshooting
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### No LoRa transmission
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1. Check LoRa frequency matches gateway (915 MHz for US)
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2. Verify SPI pins are correct for your board
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3. Check serial monitor for "LoRa init failed" errors
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### Sensor read fails
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1. Check wiring connections
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2. Verify correct GPIO pins in config.h
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3. For I2C sensors, run I2C scanner to verify address
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### Short battery life
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1. Increase `REPORT_INTERVAL_SEC`
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2. Disable OLED (`ENABLE_OLED 0`)
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3. Disable serial debug in production (`ENABLE_SERIAL_DEBUG 0`)
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### Not receiving ACKs
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1. Verify gateway is running and receiving
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2. Check sync word matches (0x12)
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3. Reduce spreading factor if range is short (better reliability)
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